2026-06-22 21:4CVE-2026-56326VulnCheck

PUBLISHED5.2CWE-601

Nuxt - Server-Side Open Redirect via Path-Normalization Bypass in navigateTo

Nuxt versions 4.0.0 before 4.4.7 and 3.x before 3.21.7 contain a server-side open redirect vulnerability in navigateTo that fails to properly validate path-normalized payloads like /..//evil.com and /.//evil.com. Attackers can bypass external-host checks using path-normalization techniques to redirect users to attacker-controlled sites via the Location header or meta-refresh, enabling phishing and OAuth authorization-code theft.

Problem type

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

Affected products

Nuxt

Nuxt

< 4.4.7 - AFFECTED

4.4.7 - UNAFFECTED

Nuxt

< 3.21.7 - AFFECTED

3.21.7 - UNAFFECTED

References

GitHub Security Advisory (GHSA-c9cv-mq2m-ppp3)

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/security/advisories/GHSA-c9cv-mq2m-ppp3

vendor-advisory

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/2cce6fb02e621196d56df92e05594e07469b5a6d

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/2cce6fb02e621196d56df92e05594e07469b5a6d

patch

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/1f2dd5e78c77576437138e97671965573c232835

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/1f2dd5e78c77576437138e97671965573c232835

patch

VulnCheck Advisory: Nuxt - Server-Side Open Redirect via Path-Normalization Bypass in navigateTo

https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nuxt-server-side-open-redirect-via-path-normalization-bypass-in-navigateto

third-party-advisory

GitHub Security Advisories

GHSA-c9cv-mq2m-ppp3

Nuxt: URL-handling weaknesses in `navigateTo` and `reloadNuxtApp`: SSR open redirect, client-side script execution via the `open` option, and protocol-relative bypass in `reloadNuxtApp`

https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-c9cv-mq2m-ppp3

Summary

Three weaknesses in Nuxt's client-navigation URL handling, all reachable from documented public APIs (navigateTo and reloadNuxtApp):

SSR open redirect in navigateTo via path-normalisation bypass. navigateTo decided whether a target was external by inspecting the raw input with hasProtocol(..., { acceptRelative: true }). Inputs such as /..//evil.com, /.//evil.com, /%2e%2e//evil.com, or /app/..//evil.com slipped past that check because they start with /, but WHATWG URL parsing then normalised them to the protocol-relative pathname //evil.com. The normalised value was written to the Location response header and into the <meta http-equiv="refresh"> body of the SSR redirect page, so a victim's browser would resolve the redirect cross-origin to the attacker's host.
Client-side script execution via navigateTo({ open: ... }). The client-side early-open handler called window.open(toPath, ...) without applying the isScriptProtocol check that gates the normal navigateTo path. A target of javascript:... (or another script-capable scheme) passed to navigateTo(url, { open: { ... } }) therefore executed in the application's origin instead of being rejected.
Open redirect in reloadNuxtApp via protocol-relative bypass. reloadNuxtApp({ path }) rejects script-capable protocols by parsing the path with new URL(path, window.location.href) and checking the resolved protocol against isScriptProtocol. Protocol-relative paths such as //evil.com resolve to the current page's protocol (https:), which passes that check; the value is then assigned to window.location.href, which the browser treats as a cross-origin redirect. This is the same protocol-relative bypass family as (1), in a different sink.

Impact

For (1), the practical risk is phishing or OAuth-code theft against any Nuxt app that forwards user-controlled input (for example a ?next= query parameter on a login route) into navigateTo on the server. The framework documents that navigateTo blocks external hosts unless external: true is passed, so maintainers commonly rely on it as the safe path for post-login redirects.

For (2), any app that passes a user-controlled URL into navigateTo(url, { open: { ... } }) was vulnerable to reflected XSS in the application's first-party origin.

For (3), any app that forwards user-controlled input into reloadNuxtApp({ path }) could be redirected cross-origin for phishing or OAuth-code theft, even on releases that already shipped the isScriptProtocol guard added by #35115.

Patches

Fixed in nuxt@4.4.7 and backported to nuxt@3.21.7. The three sinks are addressed by:

Path-normalisation bypass in navigateTo:
- 4.x: commit 2cce6fb0
- 3.x: commit 1f2dd5e7
navigateTo({ open }) script-protocol guard:
- 4.x: #35206 (commit 3394716d)
- 3.x: commit 62fc32ed
Protocol-relative bypass in reloadNuxtApp:
- 4.x: commit e447a793
- 3.x: commit 6497d99d

Workarounds

For (1): validate redirect targets before passing them to navigateTo, for example reject any input where new URL(target, 'http://localhost').pathname starts with //, or only accept a known allow-list of paths.
For (2): reject any user-controlled URL whose protocol is not in an allow-list (typically just http: and https:) before passing it to navigateTo({ open: ... }).
For (3): same shape as (1). Reject paths starting with // (or where new URL(path, window.location.href).host !== window.location.host) before passing to reloadNuxtApp({ path }).

References

CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Credits

Reported by Anthropic / Claude as ANT-2026-S08HN6DH through Anthropic's coordinated vulnerability disclosure programme.

The reloadNuxtApp protocol-relative bypass (sink 3) was independently reported by @alcls01111 via GitHub's coordinated disclosure flow (GHSA-w7fp-2cfv-4837), closed as a duplicate of this advisory.

github.com

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/security/advisories/GHSA-c9cv-mq2m-ppp3

github.com

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/pull/35115

github.com

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/pull/35206

github.com

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/1f2dd5e78c77576437138e97671965573c232835

github.com

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/2cce6fb02e621196d56df92e05594e07469b5a6d

github.com

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/3394716d4a913cba904b028df5338f2aead50032

github.com

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/62fc32eddf648b00a3890141e0235d2a222b024d

github.com

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/6497d99dd106254abd089f6a263d7773869a343b

github.com

https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/e447a793c47766834f7497f8412a76cd56fd8ee1

github.com

https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-c9cv-mq2m-ppp3

JSON source

https://cveawg.mitre.org/api/cve/CVE-2026-56326

Click to expand

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